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International Organizations play an influential role in helping countries to achieve numerous noble aims which include uplifting economic prosperity, promoting social development, improving levels of well being, protecting human rights, protecting the environment, and safeguarding peace. In an increasingly interconnected and interdependent world, some issues are too big for the countries to handle on their own. Countries need to work together and they work together through International Organizations which encourage cooperation and diplomatic resolutions to global problems. There are many international organizations and some of them are mentioned in the blog- International Organization- Part 1. This is the continuation of the previous blog.

International Renewable Energy Agency

IRENA is an international intergovernmental organization authorized to facilitate cooperation, improve knowledge and promote the adoption and sustainable use of renewable energy. It was established on 26th January 2009. India is a member of IRENA and is also the 77th founding member.

International Organizations for Standardization

ISO is an international federation of national standards of bodies. It is a nongovernmental organization. It comprises standard bodies from more than 158 countries and one standard body represents their member country. Its objectives are quality, safety, and efficiency of products, systems, and services. it was established on 23rd February 1947. Bureau of Indian Standards is a founder member of ISO.

International Monetary Fund

It works to encourage the development of global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, etc. It has a total of 189 members. The IMF was founded in 1944. India is a founder member of IMF.

UNICEF

UNICEF is United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund which is now officially known as United Nations Children’s Fund. UNICEF is mandated to protect the rights of every child, especially the most disadvantaged. UNICEF works across India to promote and protect the rights of children and has spent 70 years improving the lives of children and their families. 190 countries are a part of UNICEF. Its motto is ‘ For every child’. It was established on 11 December 1946.

  • Headquarters: New York, United States
  • President: Tore Hattrem

UNCTAD

United Nations Conference on Trade and Development is an intergovernmental organization that intends to promote the interests of developing states. The main objectives are maximizing trade, and development opportunities for developing countries and assisting them in their integration into the world economy. 195 countries are members of UNCTAD. India is a member of UNCTAD.

OPCW

Organization of the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons is an intergovernmental organization to implements the provisions of the chemical weapons convention to achieve a world free of chemical weapons. It prohibits the use, stockpiling, or transfer of chemical weapons. India is a signatory and party to the CWC. It was established on 29th April 1997.

OECD

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development is an intergovernmental organization. It has a total of 38 member countries. It was established on 30 September 1961. It works to build better policies for a better life. The main objective is to shape policies that will give equal opportunities prosperity and well-being to all. India has a working relationship with OECD. OECD is a group of developed countries and India is a developing country.

IOC

International Olympic Committee is a nongovernmental organization. It is a sports-based organization. It is the guardian of the Olympic games and also the leader of the Olympic movement. The mission of the IOC is to lead the Olympic movement for sound development throughout the world, act against discrimination and violence in sport, encourage fair play, promote ethics, encourage sustainable development in sport, and also use sports to improve well-being and promote peace. It is established on 23 June 1894. India is a member and will host the 2023 IOC session in Mumbai.

International labour organization

It came into force in 1919 and it promotes internationally recognized human and labour rights and social justice. In 1969 ILO received a Nobel prize for pursuing decent work, technical assistance for improving developing countries’ fraternity, and peacekeeping among nations. India is a founder member of ILO. It has a tripartite character and it makes it unique.

  • Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
  • Director-General: Guy Ryder

FIH

The Fédération Internationale de Hockey is an international governing body of field hockey. It is commonly known by its acronym FIH. It mainly fights against doping in sports. It also governs indoor field hockey. It was established on 7th January 1924. India is a member of FIH.

IFC

International Finance Corporation is a financial institution that encourages private sector development by offering investments, and asset management services in less developed countries. IFC has 185 member countries. It helps developing countries achieve sustainable growth. It also offers Innovative financial products. It was established on 20th July 1956. India is one of the founding members of IFC.

  • Headquarters: Washington D.C, U S
  • Managing Director: Makhtar Diop

Interpol

The International Criminal Police Investigation facilitates worldwide crime control and police cooperation. It enables police in 192 member countries and they work together to fight international crime. It came into force on 7th September 1923. India is also a part of Interpol.

  • Headquarters: Lyon, France
  • President: Ahmed Naser Al-Raisi

ICRC

International Committee of the Red Cross is a humanitarian organization. It is an independent organization ensuring humanitarian protection and assistance for the victims of war and armed violence. India is also a part of ICRC. ICRC has over 20000 staff in over 100 countries. It was established on 17th February 1863.

IAEA

The International Atomic Energy Agency is an international organization that promotes the peaceful use of nuclear energy and inhibits its use for any military purpose. India has become the 35th country to join IAEA. It is also the world’s center for cooperation in the nuclear field. It was established on 29th July 1957.

IAAF

World athletics is an international governing body for athletics, covering track and field, road running, cross country running, race walking, ultra-running and Mountain running. It was formerly known as the International Amateur Athletic Federation and International Association of Athletics Federations. It was founded on 17 July 1912. The major aim of the IAAF is to eliminate hindrances in participation in international meets and to establish friendly Cooperation between members. India is a member of the IAAF.

GCC

The Gulf Co-operation Council is an intergovernmental political and economic organization that includes Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. The GCC is a major trading partner of India. The purpose of GCC is to achieve unity among its members. The Presidency of the council rotates annually. It was established on 25 May 1981.

Food and Agricultural Organization

It leads international efforts to defeat hunger, and improve nutrition and food security. It was founded on 16th October 1945. Its goal is to make sure that all people have regular access to high-quality foods and lead happy and healthy lives. It has had a partnership with India since 1948. India is also one of the founding members of FAO.

  • Headquarters: Rome, Italy
  • Director-General: Qu Dongyu

Bank of International Settlement

An international financial institution that “fosters international monetary and financial cooperation and serves as a bank for central banks.” It holds central bank reserves and provides gold and foreign exchange transactions for them. BIS is also a fund manager and banker for other international financial institutions. Sixty monetary authorities are members of BIS and that includes The Reserve bank of India. It was established on 17 May 1930. Its main purpose is central bank cooperation.

ADB

Asian Development Bank is a regional development bank. It maintains 31 field offices around the world. It is done to promote social and economic development in Asia. India is a founding member of ADB in 1955. ADB’s fourth-largest shareholder is India. India is also its top borrower since 2010. It was established on 19 December 1966. Its main objective is Social and Economic Development.

AIIB

Asian Infrastructure Insurance Bank is a multilateral development bank. It aims to improve the social and economic outcomes of Asia. It has a tot of 105 members which includes 16 prospective members from around the world. It was established on 16 January 2016. Its creation was led by China. On 24th October along with 20 countries India also signed a memorandum of understanding regarding the AIIB.

  • Headquarters: Beijing, China
  • President: Jin Liqun

APEC

Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation is an intergovernmental organization of 21 member economies on the Pacific rim.  Its purpose is to promote sustainable economic growth in the Asia – Pacific region. It was established in November 1989. India is not yet a member of the APEC.

  • Headquarters: Singapore
  • Chairperson: Prayut Chan-O-Cha

African Union

It is a continental union of 55 member states located in the continent of Africa. The purpose of the AU is to defend their sovereignty, eradicate all forms of colonialism from Africa, their territorial integrity and independence, to promote international cooperation. Morocco left the African Union. It was established on 9th July 2002 in Durban, South Africa.

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